Safety pin



J. C. DORAN.

SAFETY PIN.

APPLICATION FILED DEC.26| I919.

1,41 3,396. Pa ented Apr- 18, 1922.

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JOHN C. DORA-N, F DA'NBURY; COIICNEGTICUT;

SAFETY rm.

Specification of Letters Iatent.

Patented. Apr. s, 1922;

Application filed December 26, 11919. SerialNo. 347,295.

I TO-aZZ whom it may concern:

part pointed outhereinafter;

Be itknown that 1, JO N (J. DURAN, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of. Danbury, in the county of Fairfield and State of- Connecticut, have invented an Innprovement in Safety Pins, ofwhicl the folivice ofthe above nature which shall possess a high degree of simplicity andstrength. Other objects will be in part obvious and in The invention, accordingly consists in the features of construction, combinations of ele-' ments and arrangement of parts which will be exemplified'inthe structure hereinafter described and the scope of the application of which will be'indicated the followingv claims. r v

In the accompanying drawings in which are shown one ormorejof various, possible embodiments of the several featuresfof this invention,

I Figure 1 is a top plan view 1 Figure 2isa side-elevation of the device shown in Figure 1;, V 1 Figure 3 is an enlarged sectional view taken along the 1-ine,3 3"o f Figure 2;

i Figure dis a similar View showing a modifiedcross-se ction; and l Figure 5 is a similar view showing an other modification or cross-section.

Figure 6. isv a similar view with another cross-section.

Similar reference characters refer to simi lar parts throughout the several views of the drawings. g Referring now to these drawings in detail,

there is shown a pin formed of a single wire member which may be for the sake of cheapness constructed of round cross-section. Thi s wire is-pointedas at 10 andextendssubstantially straight although slightlyfibowed in an outward direction to form the pin proper, 11, Beyond the pin portion the wire which is of-resilient metal, is formed into the coil 12 which may have one or more convolutions. although preferably a single turn is given to the wire. portion the wire passes upwardly across the part 11, as best shown in Figure l of the I-beam type 'of section. I From the coil drawings, to form a guard 13 which. performs functions hereinafter described indeftail; From this guard the wire extends downwardly as at 14 and thence substantially parallel to the portion 11Ito form a back 15. This back portion extends ina substantially straight line to a bend 16, flat 1 tened as at 16?, whichserves to guide the P 1, poi t. n k t in. dose P i O f After this bend or loop the Wire isupwardly curved as at l7: and thence 'bentacro'ss the pin as shown at 18 inv Figure 1 of the .draw-' ings. Following the portion 18 is a portion 19 extending parallel to the part 17 and, at

2!), parallel to. the'bacl; of the device. "The end of the wire is curled aboutthe: part 15 toflock itself firmly in position as'at 2 1.

Through the effective or free portion of the pin partll and baclr'part 15, the wire is forced into a flanged conformatio'mf; As

it appears in Figures '1 and 261% the' drawings'fthe: section ofthe wire at-the' above points is substantially as is shown in Figure 3, Itisgiven flanges 23'and 241' 'lie in the plane of the. device, 'thahis, a plane including th'e'porti'ons 11 and 15. By this conformation, the. partsjll. and are greatly? stiffened against bending "outward or finwa'rdj" direction and; are even ;.s omewhat stiffened as againstlateralbending, all

, compared with a round wire of equalareaof so i cross-section. As is well known, wl1en a-'de such manner as to pull the point of the pin out of the catch within which it rests. This type of cross-sectlon reduces to a minimum" the chance of this be'ndingfaction and isof corresponding value. Itis to be understood that certain of the features of this invention vice of this nature fails in action, one or both of the port ons-11 or 15 are bent in might be. attained with a pin constructed throughout of wire of uniform ,cross section, but cost of construct on is reduced us ng round wire forced Into. a Stlfi cross-sectlon at the points at which suchcross-section is desired;

InFigulre 1 of the drawings is'shown'another type vof cross-sectionfwhi'ch"may be giventhe portions 11 and 15. '"In this form there is a web: part 25 which connects the upper and lower flanges 26" and 27- respectively. In other words, isiof a general In Figure 5515 another 01a mass. section, this being assumed to be taken through the member 11 and an identical but inverted section to be used with the member 15. In this section there is provided a flange part 28 which faces the inside of the pin and a central flange extension 29 extending outwardly from the pin, both at the pin proper and at the back 15. The construcit normally tends to maintain the position indicated in dotted lines at 30' in Figure 2 of the drawings. It is closed in the usual. way by pressing it inwardly until it rests within the catch or loop 17. In entering this position, however, it presses laterally the resilient lock 16 which springs into place directly beneath it and prevents the accidental opening of the pin. It is removed by a combined inward and lateral pressure upon the pin member.

The guard portion 13 not only performs the function of guiding the springing movement of the pin member but also, as its above .name implies, prevents the wedging of the material with which the. pin is used into the coil or coils 12. This function is of marked value as there is a tendency of the cloth or other material to slip endwise into the crevices at the hingeend of the spring and become wedged in position with a likelihood of tearing.

It may here be noted that by the expression active length as used with regard to the pin member, is meant substantially that portion of the pin member which is intermediate the pin and catch and is liable to engagement with the material when the pin is in use. This expression when used with regard to the back member of the pin denotes that-portion ofthe back which is opposite the.active length of the pin member.

. It will thus be seen that there is provided a'construction in which the several objects of this invention are achieved. The holding action of the, pin is secure and dependable and the material protected against injury. Furthermore, the cost of manufacture is reduced to a minimum. The several features.

ments of hard practical use.

As various possible embodiments might be made of the above invention and various changes-might be made in the embodiment above set forth, it is to be understood that all matter herein set forth or shown in the accompanying drawings is to be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.

1 claim as my invention:

1. In construction for safety pins and the like, a pin member having substantially throughout its active length a diameter greater in the plane of the safety pin than in a plane transverse thereto.

In construction for safety pins and the like, a pin member shaped to present greater stiffness against outward bending than against bending in a transverse direction.

In construction for safety pins and the like, a pin member provided with longitudinally extending flanges substantially throughout its active length, said flanges comprising, a pair which are oppositely directed and lie substantially in a single plane to give said pin member greater stiffness in the plane of the safety pin than in the direction transverse thereto.

4. In construction for safety'pins and the like, in combination, a pin member and a back member, each shaped to present a greater stifl'ness in the plane in which they lie than in a plane transverse thereto.

5. In construction for safety pins and the like, a pin member extended in cross section in the'plane of the safety pin and blunter on its inner than upon its outer side.

6. In construction for safety pins and the i materially less than the distance between.-

those parts in a circumferential direction, with respect to the body of the pin.

8. In construction for safety pins and the like, in combination, a pin portion and a back portion formed of a single wire resiliently connected one with another, each of said portions being of flanged non-circular cross section substantially throughout their active length and being shaped to have a stiffness greater in the planeof the safety pin than that of round wire of equal area of cross section.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification this 11th day of December, 1919, V V

' JOHN G. DORANQ 

